OldNerve

Cottrell, Frederick Gardner

2005-04-04T10:39:00.000-07:00

Cottrell taught chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1902 to 1911 and began his work on electrostatic precipitators in 1906. In 1912 he founded the Research Corporation, a nonprofit organization

Loisy, Alfred Firmin

2005-04-02T13:22:00.000-08:00

Loisy trained at the Institut Catholique in Paris, where he was influenced by the historian L.-M.-O. Duchesne,

Aeschylus

2005-04-01T16:01:00.000-08:00

Aeschylus' influence on the development of tragedy was fundamental. Previous to him, Greek drama was limited to one actor and a chorus engaged in a largely static recitation. (The chorus was a group of actors who responded to and commented on the main action of a play with song, dance, and recitation.) The actor could assume different roles by changing masks and costumes,

Tachism

2005-03-29T04:04:00.000-08:00

French Tachisme (from tache, “spot”), style of painting practiced in Paris after World War II and through the 1950s that, like its American equivalent, Action painting, featured the intuitive, spontaneous gesture of the artist's brushstroke. Developed by the young painters Hans Hartung, Gérard Schneider, Pierre Soulages, Frans Wols, Chao Wu-chi (Zao Wu-ki), and Georges Mathieu, Tachism was part

Denis, Maurice

2005-03-27T19:29:00.000-08:00

Denis studied at the Académie Julian (1888) under Jules Lefebvre and at the École des Beaux-Arts. Reacting against the naturalistic tendencies of Impressionism, Denis fell under the influence of the work of Paul Gauguin, whose style was also much admired

Sha-ch'ing

2005-03-25T23:45:00.000-08:00

The artifacts of the group were mainly brick-red gritty bowls, stone tools, and large tri-legged vessels of grey pottery. Evidence of bronze

Hackenschmidt, George

2005-03-24T00:50:00.000-08:00

In Vienna in 1898 Hackenschmidt won the world amateur championship in Greco-Roman wrestling. Turning to professional freestyle wrestling in

Tyson, Cicely

2005-03-22T18:11:00.000-08:00

Tyson, the daughter of immigrants from the Caribbean island of Nevis, grew up in a devoutly religious household in Harlem. Discovered by a fashion editor at Ebony magazine, she quickly rose to the top of the modeling world. In 1957 she began acting in Off-Broadway

Bales, Peter

2005-03-19T13:48:00.000-08:00

A highly skilled copyist, Bales gained fame for his microscopic writing, producing a Bible about the size of a walnut. He inscribed a number of texts within a circumference about that of a penny, mounted this example of dexterous penmanship

Empiricism

2005-03-18T23:07:00.000-08:00

The earliest expressions of Empiricism in ancient Greek philosophy were those of the Sophists. In reaction to them Plato presented the Rationalistic view that man has only “opinion” about changing, perceptible, existing things in space and time; that “knowledge” can be had only of timeless, necessary truths; and that the objects of knowledge—the unchanging and imperceptible

International Trade, Economic integration in Latin America

2005-03-17T13:47:00.000-08:00

Progress toward economic integration in Europe encouraged the Latin American republics to make similar attempts. By the late 20th century several organizations had been established to work toward such integration; they included the Central American Common Market; the Latin American Free Trade Association; the Andean Community of Nations; and the Caribbean

Puget, Pierre

2005-03-17T06:07:00.000-08:00

Puget travelled in Italy as a young man (1640–43), when he was employed by a muralist, Pietro da Cortona, to work on the ceiling decorations of the Barberini Palace in Rome and the Pitti Palace in Florence. Between 1643 and 1656 he was active in Marseille and Toulon chiefly

Santorio Santorio

2005-03-15T16:08:00.000-08:00

Santorio was a graduate of the University of Padua (M.D., 1582), where he later became professor of medical

Gabon, Government

2005-03-14T07:50:00.000-08:00

Under the frequently revised constitution of 1961, Gabon is a republic under the executive direction of a president elected by direct universal suffrage for a period of seven years and a Council of Ministers appointed by the president. Provision is also made for a prime minister (appointed by the president) and a National Assembly (elected by direct suffrage) to assume

Literature

2005-03-13T14:44:00.000-08:00

For historical treatment of various

Wu Ch'eng-en

2005-03-13T04:17:00.000-08:00

Wu received a traditional Confucian education and became known for his clever composition of poetry and prose in the classical style. Throughout his life he displayed

Marinid Dynasty,

2005-03-12T15:34:00.000-08:00

The Marinids were a tribe of the Zanatah group—traditional allies of the Umayyad caliphs of Córdoba. The Marinids had been established in eastern Morocco for more than a century when, in 1248, their ruler, Abu Yahya, captured Fez (Fès) and made it the

Gabbai

2005-03-11T06:26:00.000-08:00

Plural Gabbaim, or Gabbais, treasurer or honorary official of a Jewish Orthodox congregation, often placed in charge of funds used for charity. The office is a carry-over from former times, when men whose reputations were above reproach collected funds for charity. These gabba'e tzedaqa were so esteemed that no financial reports were ever asked for. The Talmud, nonetheless, insisted that they

China, Pei (Northern) Sung (9601127)

2005-03-10T08:27:00.000-08:00

The Pei Sung (also known simply as the Sung) was the last major Chinese dynasty to be founded by a coup d'état. Its founder, Chao K'uang-yin (known by his temple name, T'ai-tsu), the commander of the capital area of K'ai-feng and inspector general of the Imperial forces, usurped the throne from the Hou Chou, the last of the Wu-tai.

Gabbai

2005-03-08T15:25:00.000-08:00

The massive body measured nearly 9 metres (30 feet) long and must have weighed four to five

Chad, From the 16th to the 19th century

2005-03-08T04:53:00.000-08:00

Products of the Islamized Sudanic culture diffused from Kanem were the kingdoms of Bagirmi and Ouaddaï, which emerged in the early years of the 17th century

Wigglesworth, Sir Vincent (brian)

2005-03-07T13:39:00.000-08:00

English entomologist, noted for his contribution to the study of insect physiology. His investigations of the living insect body and its tissues and organs revealed much about the dynamic complexity of individual insects and their interactions with the environment. His Insect Physiology (1934) is often

New Iberia

2005-03-05T11:21:00.000-08:00

City, seat (1868) of Iberia parish, southern Louisiana, U.S., on Bayou Teche (connected via canal with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway), 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Lafayette. Founded in the late 18th century by French, Spanish, and Acadian settlers, it was laid out in 1835. It was first called Iberia, the ancient name for Spain, but the name was changed when the parish was created. The city was occupied

France, History Of, Frankish expansion and the unification of Gaul

2005-03-04T09:36:00.000-08:00

During the years following his accession, Clovis consolidated the position of the Franks in northern Gaul. In 486 he defeated Syagrius, the last Roman ruler in Gaul, and in a series of subsequent campaigns with strong Gallo-Roman support occupied an area situated between the Frankish kingdom of Tournai, the Visigothic and Burgundian kingdoms, and the lands occupied

Richelieu River

2005-03-03T22:14:00.000-08:00

French Rivière Richelieu, river in Montérégie region, southern Quebec province, Canada, rising from Lake Champlain, just north of the Canada-U.S. border, and flowing northward for 75 miles (120 km) to join the St. Lawrence River at Sorel. Explored in 1609 by Samuel de Champlain and named in 1642 in honour of the Cardinal de Richelieu, chief minister of the French king Louis XIII, the river served repeatedly as an attack

Great American Desert

2005-03-03T01:49:00.000-08:00

A vast, vaguely defined arid and semiarid region of North America that embraces the Great Plains (q.v.).

Thun Und Hohenstein, Leo, Count (graf) Von

2005-03-01T14:01:00.000-08:00

Pro-Czech Austrian statesman and administrator who improved the educational establishments of the Austrian Empire, sought to resolve the antagonisms between Czechs and Germans in Bohemia, and favoured the conversion of the Habsburg monarchy into a federal

Isinglass

2005-03-01T07:45:00.000-08:00

Sired by Isonomy and foaled by Dead Lock, he was owned by H. McCalmont and trained by J. Jewitt. After winning three races in 1893, as a two-year-old, ridden by Tom Loates, he won the Two Thousand Guineas, the Derby, and

Crocus

2005-02-28T01:07:00.000-08:00

Genus of about 75 low-growing, cormose species of plants of the iris family (Iridaceae), native to the Alps, southern Europe, and the Mediterranean area and widely grown for their cuplike blooms in early spring or fall. The spring-flowering sorts have a floral tube so long that the ovary is belowground, sheltered from climatic changes. The flowers close at night and

Hindenburg, Paul Von

2005-02-27T03:55:00.000-08:00

Hindenburg was the son of a Prussian officer of old Junker (aristocratic)

Qift

2005-02-26T14:23:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Kuft, Greek Coptos, or Koptos, agricultural town, Qina muhafazah (governorate), Upper Egypt. It is situated at the large bend of the Nile below Luxor (al-Uqsur) and lies along the east bank of the river. Known to the ancient Egyptians as Qebtu, the town was of early dynastic foundation. It was important for nearby gold and quartzite mines in the Eastern Desert, worked during the 1st and 2nd dynasties, and as a starting

Blood Analysis

2005-02-24T20:32:00.000-08:00

Laboratory examination of a sample of blood to obtain information on its physical and chemical properties and on its components. Hundreds of hematological tests and procedures have been developed, and many can be carried out simultaneously on one sample of blood with such instruments as autoanalyzers. Blood analysis includes the following areas of study: (1) determination

Talmud And Midrash, Haggadic

2005-02-22T22:29:00.000-08:00

Most notable among biblical collections

Oberhausen

2005-02-21T08:35:00.000-08:00

City, North Rhine-Westphalia Land (state), western Germany. It is situated on the Rhine-Herne-Kanal, within the densely developed Ruhr industrial belt, and it adjoins Essen (east), Mülheim (south), and Duisberg (southwest). Oberhausen is an important rail junction, and the city also has good autobahn connections with The Netherlands. It is the centre of a network of lines radiating

Geoffrin, Marie-thérèse Rodet

2005-02-21T02:01:00.000-08:00

The daughter of a valet, she married a rich manufacturer, a member of the newly influential bourgeoisie, with whom she had no rapport. Although lacking formal education herself, Madame Geoffrin was sensitive, an excellent

Cynodont

2005-02-20T05:49:00.000-08:00

The cynodont skull

Gadsden, James

2005-02-19T02:40:00.000-08:00

He graduated from Yale College in 1806 and engaged in business in his native city until 1812, when he was appointed a lieutenant of engineers in the U.S. Army. In 1820 he was made responsible for the establishment of military posts in Florida and supervised

San Carlos

2005-02-18T14:23:00.000-08:00

City, capital of Cojedes estado (“state”), northwestern Venezuela. The city lies along the Tirgua River, at the base of the central highlands and near the Llanos (plains) region. Founded in 1678 by Capuchin missionaries, San Carlos served as capital of Falcón state prior to the separation of Cojedes and Portuguesa states. It is the commercial and marketing centre of an agricultural

Myanmar (burma)

2005-02-16T23:43:00.000-08:00

Myanmar's ruling military junta in 1993 ignored calls from the U.S., the European

Cabot, Sebastian

2005-02-16T10:14:00.000-08:00

Although facts

Hop Tree

2005-02-15T07:13:00.000-08:00

Also called Wafer Ash (species Ptelea trifoliata), tree, of the rue family (Rutaceae), native to eastern North America. It has small, greenish white flowers; strong-smelling leaves in groups of three leaflets; and buff-coloured, wafer-shaped, winged fruits. The hop tree is cultivated as an ornamental.

Tabriz

2005-02-14T18:15:00.000-08:00

The name Tabriz is said to derive from tap-riz (“causing

Judaism, Moses Mendelssohn

2005-02-13T23:07:00.000-08:00

Moses Mendelssohn opened what may be called the German period of Jewish philosophy (c. 1750–c. 1830). This period, in which a considerable number of works on Jewish philosophy were written in German and often under the influence of German philosophy, is also marked by the emancipation of the Jews—that is, by the abrogation of discriminatory laws directed against them—and by their

Wandsworth

2005-02-11T18:59:00.000-08:00

Inner borough of London, lying west of Lambeth and stretching for 5 miles (8 km) along the south bank of the River Thames. Wandsworth was established in 1965 by merging the former metropolitan borough of Battersea with approximately two-thirds of what then constituted Wandsworth (the remainder of which went to Lambeth). The present borough includes such districts as (roughly

Annelid, Size range and diversity of structure

2005-02-11T08:53:00.000-08:00

The length of annelids varies from a fraction of an inch to more than six metres (about 20 feet). The width may exceed 2.5 centimetres (about one inch) in the contracted state. Free-moving polychaetes and earthworms include the largest species. Leeches attain lengths of about 0.4 metre in the contracted state.

Poznan Riots

2005-02-09T18:00:00.000-08:00

After the death of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin (March 1953), the rigidly authoritarian Communist regime in Poland relaxed some of its policies. It abolished

Asterism

2005-02-09T09:22:00.000-08:00

In mineralogy, starlike figure exhibited in light reflected or transmitted by some crystals. The stars shown by star sapphires, some phlogopite mica, rose quartz, and garnet are due to minute oriented crystals (often rutile) included within the mineral; several sets of inclusions are present, and each set produces its own ray. In minerals with hexagonal or pseudohexagonal

Biblical Literature, Habakkuk

2005-02-07T10:22:00.000-08:00

The Book of Habakkuk, the eighth book of the Twelve (Minor) Prophets, was written by a prophet difficult to identify. He may have been a professional prophet of the Temple from the 7th century BCE (probably between 605–597 BCE). Containing three chapters, Habakkuk combines lamentation and oracle. In the first chapter, he cries out for Yahweh to help his people: “O Lord, how long shall I cry for

Powell, Lewis Franklin, Jr.

2005-02-05T05:28:00.000-08:00

American lawyer and judge (b. Sept. 19, 1907, Suffolk, Va.--d. Aug. 25, 1998, Richmond, Va.), served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court for 15 years, during which he often provided a centrist viewpoint in an otherwise polarized tribunal. He cast the deciding vote on a number of landmark cases, most notably Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), which opposed strict racial quotas

Philip Iii

2005-02-04T16:37:00.000-08:00

Philip was the son of John the Fearless and Margaret of Bavaria. When he became duke of Burgundy at the age of 23, his first aim was to extricate himself as expeditiously

Regina

2005-02-04T11:37:00.000-08:00

Capital and largest city of Saskatchewan, Canada, on Wascana Creek, in the south-central part of the province. It originated as a hunters' camp and was known as Pile O'Bones for the heaps of bones left there after skinning and cutting buffalo. Captain John Palliser, the explorer, visited the site in 1857 and called it Wascana (derived from its Cree Indian name, Oskana); with the

Welch, Denton

2005-02-02T23:34:00.000-08:00

Welch was educated at Repton School in Derbyshire. After a visit to China he studied painting at the Goldsmith School of Art. In 1935, while still at school, he was severely injured

Berar

2005-02-01T21:44:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Birar, cotton-growing region in east-central Maharashtra state, western India. The region extends for approximately 200 miles (320 km) east-west along the Purna River basin and lies 700 to 1,600 feet (200 to 500 m) above sea level. Berar is bounded on the north by the Gawilgarh Hills (Melghat) and on the south by the Ajanta Range. Historically the name Berar was given to a province of varying extent, but it no longer

Hounsfield, Sir Godfrey Newbold

2005-02-01T01:18:00.000-08:00

English electrical engineer who shared the 1979 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Allan Cormack for his part in developing the diagnostic technique of computerized axial tomography (CAT), or computerized tomography (CT). In this technique, information obtained from X rays taken by scanners

Bridalveil Fall

2005-01-30T05:29:00.000-08:00

Cataract on the west slope of the Sierra Nevada in Yosemite National Park, east-central California, U.S. Fed mainly by melting snow, the waterfall has a height of 620 feet (189 m) and forms one of the most scenic features in the park.

Metallophone

2005-01-30T01:05:00.000-08:00

China had such instruments by the 7th century. Metallophones had reached northern Europe from Indonesia

Ringgold, Faith

2005-01-28T18:05:00.000-08:00

Ringgold grew up in New York City's Harlem, and while still in high school she decided to be an artist. She attended City College of New York, where she received B.S. (1955) and M.A. (1959) degrees. In the mid-1950s she began teaching art in New York

Froebel, Friedrich (wilhelm August)

2005-01-28T13:38:00.000-08:00

Froebel was the fifth child in a clergyman's family. His mother died when he was only nine months old, and he was neglected as a

Daimlerchrysler Ag

2005-01-27T21:43:00.000-08:00

The origins of Chrysler Corporation lie in Maxwell Motor Company, Inc. (first formed in 1913). The first Maxwell car was made in 1904 by Jonathan Maxwell and Benjamin Briscoe, who in 1909 joined the short-lived United States Motor Company. With the collapse of this combine in 1913, Maxwell continued on alone until the postwar recession, when Walter P. Chrysler was brought in to revitalize

Caroline

2005-01-26T22:43:00.000-08:00

County, eastern Maryland, U.S., lying between the Choptank River and Tuckahoe Creek to the west and Delaware to the east. In addition to the Choptank, it is drained by Marshyhope Creek. Caroline shares Tuckahoe State Park with neighbouring Queen Anne's county. The county was created in 1773 and named for Caroline Eden, a member of the Calvert family and wife of the last colonial

Tyson, Mike

2005-01-24T21:26:00.000-08:00

A member of various street gangs at an early age, Tyson was sent to reform school in upstate New York in 1978. At the reform school, social worker and boxing aficionado Bobby Stewart recognized his boxing potential and directed him to renowned trainer Cus D'Amato,

Xerophyte

2005-01-24T13:13:00.000-08:00

Any plant adapted to life in a dry or physiologically dry habitat (salt marsh, saline soil, or acid bog) by means of mechanisms to prevent water loss or to store available water. Succulents (plants that store water) such as cacti and agaves have thick, fleshy stems or leaves. Other xerophytic adaptations include waxy leaf coatings, the ability to

Aymé, Marcel

2005-01-22T09:05:00.000-08:00

He grew up in the country among farmers, in a world of close-knit families bounded by the barnyard on one side, the schoolhouse on the other.

Salad

2005-01-21T10:13:00.000-08:00

The restorative powers of green salad have been

Wakan

2005-01-20T22:32:00.000-08:00

Also called Wakonda, or Wakanda, among various American Indian groups, a great spiritual power of supernatural origin belonging to some natural objects. Wakan may be conceived of as a weak or strong power; the weak powers can be ignored, but the strong ones must be placated. Poisonous plants and reptiles can contain wakan, as can intoxicating drinks. Wakan beings are the immortal supernatural powers

Arabian Sea

2005-01-20T18:47:00.000-08:00

Northwestern part of the Indian Ocean, covering a total area of about 1,491,000 square miles (3,862,000 square kilometres) and forming part of the principal sea route between Europe and India. It is bounded to the west by the Horn of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, to the north by Iran and Pakistan, to the east by India, and to the south by the remainder of the Indian Ocean. To the north the Gulf

Hawkweed

2005-01-19T11:18:00.000-08:00

Some species are cultivated as garden ornamentals for their attractive

Performing Arts

2005-01-18T06:20:00.000-08:00

Afonso Iii

2005-01-16T21:06:00.000-08:00

The younger son of Afonso II and Urraeca, daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile, Afonso emigrated and became, by marriage, count of Boulogne. His elder brother, Sancho II, was deposed by order of the pope, who granted Afonso

Osaka-kobe Metropolitan Area

2005-01-15T21:08:00.000-08:00

Second largest urban and industrial agglomeration in Japan, located on Osaka Bay in west-central Honshu at the eastern end of the Inland Sea. The cities of Osaka and Kobe are at the centre of what is called by geographers the Hanshin Industrial Zone; as a result of the expansion of the urban area along the Inland Sea and northeast toward the city of Kyoto, the region is now

'attar, Farid Od-din

2005-01-15T17:07:00.000-08:00

As a young man Farid od-Din traveled widely, visiting Egypt, Syria, Arabia, India, and Central Asia. He finally settled in his native town, Nishapur, in northeastern Iran, where he spent

Metaethics

2005-01-13T18:54:00.000-08:00

Analytic philosophers, also known as philosophers of language, distinguish between the first-order language, in which all humans communicate with one another, and the second-order

Gaucho

2005-01-13T03:50:00.000-08:00

Gauchos were usually mestizos (persons

Gentile Da Fabriano,

2005-01-12T22:56:00.000-08:00

An early signed work by Gentile has stylistic affinities with Lombard painting and suggests that he was trained in the Lombard school. In 1409 Gentile was commissioned to

Kuei-yang

2005-01-11T09:20:00.000-08:00

Originally

Dominica Channel

2005-01-09T21:26:00.000-08:00

Marine passage in the Lesser Antilles, West Indies, connecting the Caribbean Sea with the open Atlantic Ocean to the east. It flows between the island of Dominica (north) and the French island and overseas département of Martinique (south) and is about 25 miles (40 km) wide.

Chang Ch'ien

2005-01-09T02:56:00.000-08:00

Pinyin Zhang Qian Chinese explorer, the first man to bring back a reliable account of the lands of central Asia to the court of China. He was dispatched by the Han dynasty emperor Wu Ti in 138 BC to establish relations with the Yüeh-chih people, a central Asian tribal group that spoke an Indo-European language. Captured by the Hsiung-nu, nomadic enemies of China, he was detained for 10 years. Nevertheless,

Zacharias, Saint

2005-01-08T09:46:00.000-08:00

Of Greek parentage, Zacharias was supposedly a Roman deacon when he succeeded Pope St. Gregory III in November/December 741. His pontificate was devoted to diplomatic relations with the Lombard and Frankish kingdoms and with the Byzantine Empire. He initiated a policy of conciliation with

Bar, François De

2005-01-06T17:40:00.000-08:00

Named prior of the Benedictine abbey of Anchin in 1576, Bar served during a time of religious and political power struggles. His main contribution,

Burano Lace

2005-01-06T05:54:00.000-08:00

Lace made on the island of Burano, near Venice. Until the early 19th century, there had been a Burano lace industry producing copies of 18th-century French lace. By midcentury it was virtually extinct. When in 1872 attempts were made to revive the lace industry to provide relief to the islanders after a ruinous winter, one elderly inhabitant was found who remembered the technique.

Animal, History of classification

2005-01-04T15:59:00.000-08:00

Except perhaps for the possession of collagen, the criteria used above to distinguish animals from other forms of life are not absolute. The first catalogs of animal diversity were based on overall form and similarity. Aristotle and other early biologists regarded all organisms as part of a great chain, divisions of which were more or less arbitrary. The 18th-century

Altair

2005-01-03T18:19:00.000-08:00

Also called Alpha Aquilae one of the 15 brightest stars, the brightest star in the constellation Aquila, with an apparent visual magnitude of 0.77. Its distance from the Earth is about 16 light-years. It is a hot white star somewhat larger and more massive than the Sun and giving out about 10 times as much light. The name probably derives from Arabic words meaning “the eagle,” applied to the constellation.

Melville (of Melville), Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount, Baron Dunira

2005-01-02T15:51:00.000-08:00

British careerist politician who held various ministerial offices under William Pitt the Younger and whose adroit control of Scottish politics earned him the nickname “King Harry the Ninth.” Educated at the University of Edinburgh, he became a member of the faculty of advocates in 1763 and soon acquired a leading

Altair

2005-01-01T21:59:00.000-08:00

Spanish Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo international organization founded in 1959 by 20 governments in North and South America to finance economic and social development in the Western Hemisphere. The largest charter subscribers were Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, and the United States. Subscribers now include nearly 30 countries in North and South America and more than 15 countries in Europe, as well

Azeotrope

2004-12-31T21:22:00.000-08:00

In chemistry, a mixture of liquids that has a constant boiling point because the vapour has the same composition as the liquid mixture. The boiling point of an azeotropic mixture may be higher or lower than that of any of its components. The components of the solution cannot be separated by simple distillation.

Philadelphia Orchestra

2004-12-31T03:45:00.000-08:00

From Stokowski's tenure, the orchestra was renowned for its interpretation of the symphonic

Jewel, John

2004-12-29T21:39:00.000-08:00

During the reign of the Protestant king Edward VI (1547–53), Jewel was influenced by the work of the Italian scholar and Reformer Peter Martyr Vermigli to become a leader of the Reformists

Azeotrope

2004-12-29T15:26:00.000-08:00

North American trade union formed in 1995 by the merger of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (q.v.) and the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (q.v.). The union represents apparel workers in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. Headquarters are in New York City.

Monarchianism

2004-12-27T08:02:00.000-08:00

A Christian heresy that developed during the 2nd and 3rd centuries. It opposed the doctrine of an independent, personal subsistence of the Logos, affirmed the sole deity of God the Father, and thus represented the extreme monotheistic view. Though it regarded Christ as Redeemer, it clung to the numerical unity of the Deity. Two types of Monarchianism developed: the Dynamic

Systole

2004-12-26T11:40:00.000-08:00

Period of contraction of the ventricles of the heart that occurs between the first and second heart sounds. Systole causes the ejection of blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. Lasting usually 0.3 to 0.4 second, ventricular systole is introduced by a very brief period of contraction, followed by the ejection phase, during which 80 to 100 cubic centimetres of blood leave each

Marsh Hawk

2004-12-26T06:50:00.000-08:00

Common name for the best-known harrier species. See harrier.

Olmaliq

2004-12-25T05:01:00.000-08:00

Formerly Almalyk, city, eastern Uzbekistan. It is situated 35 miles (55 km) southeast of the city of Tashkent on the northern slopes of the Qurama Mountains and on the left bank of the Ohangaron River. Olmaliq was founded in 1951 from several settlements exploiting the rich nonferrous-metal resources of the Qurama Mountains. The city has become an important centre of nonferrous metallurgy and

Bhagirathi River

2004-12-23T06:57:00.000-08:00

River in West Bengal state, northeastern India, forming the western boundary of the Ganges (Ganga) Delta. A distributary of the Ganges, it leaves that river just northeast of Jangipur, flows south, and joins the Jalangi at Nabadwip to form the Hooghly River after a total course of 120 miles (190 km). Until the 16th century, when the Ganges shifted eastward to the Padma, the Bhagirathi formed

Norilsk

2004-12-22T10:07:00.000-08:00

City, Krasnoyarsk kray (region), central Russia, in the Rybnaya Valley amid the Putoran Mountains. Founded in 1935, Norilsk lies north of the Arctic Circle and is one of the world's leading producing centres for nickel and platinum. Copper is also mined. Power is supplied to Norilsk by hydroelectric plants on the Khantayka and Kureyka rivers, and natural gas is piped from northern

Chandpur

2004-12-20T21:03:00.000-08:00

River port, south-central Bangladesh, situated at the confluence of the Dakatia and Meghna rivers. It is a major jute-shipping centre, connected by road and rail with Comilla and Noakhali and by river steamer with Calcutta (through the Sundarbans), Goalundo Ghat, and Narayanganj. Industries served by its thermal power station include jute presses, oilseed and plywood mills,

Canada, Flag Of

2004-12-20T09:27:00.000-08:00

The establishment of the Canadian federation in 1867 was not accompanied by the creation of a special flag for the country. The imperial Union Jack and other British flags were considered sufficient, although a coat of arms (in the form of a heraldic shield) was granted by Queen Victoria in 1868. The Canadian shield was composed of the arms of the four original provinces—Ontario,

Veneto

2004-12-18T04:17:00.000-08:00

Also called Venezia Euganea regione, northern and northeastern Italy, comprising the provincie of Venezia, Padova, Rovigo, Verona, Vicenza, Treviso, and Belluno. It is bounded by Trentino-Alto Adige (north), Emilia-Romagna (south), Lombardia (west), Austria (northeast), and Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the Adriatic Sea (east). The northern limit of Veneto is marked by a mountainous area, including the Dolomites,

Biblical Literature, The Samaritan canon

2004-12-17T21:31:00.000-08:00

As has been mentioned, the Samaritans accepted the Pentateuch from the Jews. They know of no other section of the Bible, however, and did not expand their Pentateuchal canon even by the inclusion of any strictly Samaritan compositions.

Kantor, Mackinlay

2004-12-15T17:18:00.000-08:00

After finishing high school, Kantor became a reporter for The Webster City Daily News, of which his

Kames, Henry Home, Lord

2004-12-14T11:30:00.000-08:00

Kames was called to the bar in 1724 and was appointed a judge in the Court of Session in 1752. He became a lord of justiciary in 1763. He is best known for his Elements of Criticism, 3 vol. (1762), a work remarkable in the history of aesthetics for its attempt to equate beauty with what is pleasant to the natural senses

OldNerve

Cottrell, Frederick Gardner

Loisy, Alfred Firmin

Aeschylus

Tachism

Denis, Maurice

Sha-ch'ing

Hackenschmidt, George

Tyson, Cicely

Bales, Peter

Empiricism

International Trade, Economic integration in Latin America

Puget, Pierre

Santorio Santorio

Gabon, Government

Literature

Wu Ch'eng-en

Marinid Dynasty,

Gabbai

China, Pei (Northern) Sung (9601127)

Gabbai

Chad, From the 16th to the 19th century

Wigglesworth, Sir Vincent (brian)

New Iberia

France, History Of, Frankish expansion and the unification of Gaul

Richelieu River

Great American Desert

Thun Und Hohenstein, Leo, Count (graf) Von

Isinglass

Crocus

Hindenburg, Paul Von

Qift

Blood Analysis

Talmud And Midrash, Haggadic

Oberhausen

Geoffrin, Marie-thérèse Rodet

Cynodont

Gadsden, James

San Carlos

Myanmar (burma)

Cabot, Sebastian

Hop Tree

Tabriz

Judaism, Moses Mendelssohn

Wandsworth

Annelid, Size range and diversity of structure

Poznan Riots

Asterism

Biblical Literature, Habakkuk

Powell, Lewis Franklin, Jr.

Philip Iii

Regina

Welch, Denton

Berar

Hounsfield, Sir Godfrey Newbold

Bridalveil Fall

Metallophone

Ringgold, Faith

Froebel, Friedrich (wilhelm August)

Daimlerchrysler Ag

Caroline

Tyson, Mike

Xerophyte

Aymé, Marcel

Salad

Wakan

Arabian Sea

Hawkweed

Performing Arts

Afonso Iii

Osaka-kobe Metropolitan Area

'attar, Farid Od-din

Metaethics

Gaucho

Gentile Da Fabriano,

Kuei-yang

Dominica Channel

Chang Ch'ien

Zacharias, Saint

Bar, François De

China, Pei (Northern) Sung (9601127)